Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Raul V. Fabella Author-Workplace-Name: School of Economics, University of the Philippines Diliman Title: Strategic Household Behavior in Labor Surplus Economies Abstract: We show that when households employ the Cournat-Nash strategy in labor surplus economies, the wage rate is strictly positive, households are underemployed, household members may be openly unemployed, the labor supply curve is upward-sloping and household withdrawal but not worker withdrawal decreases output. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics Pages: 119-126 Volume: 28 Issue: 2 Year: 1991 Month: December File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/255/440 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:28:y:1991:i:2:p:119-126 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rolando A. Danao Author-Workplace-Name: School of Economics, University of the Philippines Diliman Title: A Top-Down Econometric Model for a Philippine Region Abstract: This paper demonstrates the feasibility of constructing a supply-determined top-down econometric model for a Philippine region. The specification, estimation, historical simulation, and ex-post forecast of the model for Region 7 (Central Visayas) are presented. The simulation shows that the model tracks the sample period and ex-post values fairly well. The model could serve as a prototype for the other regions. The regional models could form a system of satellite models that could be linked to a national model which can then be used to determine regional forecasts consistent with a national forecast. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics Pages: 127-153 Volume: 28 Issue: 2 Year: 1991 Month: December File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/256/444 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:28:y:1991:i:2:p:127-153 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Florian A. Alburo Author-Workplace-Name: School of Economics, University of the Philippines Diliman Title: Sustaining Trade Liberalization and Reforms in the Philippines Abstract: A number of factors affecting the long-term sustainability of trade liberalization and reforms are identified in this paper in the context of Philippine experience. It is indicated that none of the liberalization attempts had been undertaken to achieve true structural reform and that a narrow understanding of it especially among policymakers has accounted for the lack of support from a broad sector. What it important for starting trade liberalization, according to the study, is an active participation of various interest groups, between short-term and long-term, and between comparative advantage and self-sufficiency. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics Pages: 154-170 Volume: 28 Issue: 2 Year: 1991 Month: December File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/257/446 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:28:y:1991:i:2:p:154-170 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stella Luz Alabastro Author-Workplace-Name: University of the Philippines Diliman Author-Name: Nancy Irlanda Author-Workplace-Name: University of the Philippines Diliman Title: The Politico-Economic Determinants of Trade Protectionism: An Analysis of Demand and Supply in the Political Marketplace for Tariffs Abstract: This paper uses both an interest group model and a national policy model to determine political and economic factors that influence trade policy. Findings of this policy point to the importance of labor as a determinant of tariff structure. The study was conducted in the context of a unique Philippine trade culture known as "comprador capitalism." In light of this, results seem to confirm that the scarce factor, which in the Philippine case is capital, receives the greater factor returns in spite of labor having the interest. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics Pages: 171-190 Volume: 28 Issue: 2 Year: 1991 Month: December File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/258/445 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:28:y:1991:i:2:p:171-190 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zeno Ronald R. Abenoja Author-Name: Dennis A. Lapid Title: Barriers to Entry, Market Concentration, and Wages in the Philippine Manufacturing Sector, 1987 Abstract: Market structure represents an important aspect of industries because a particular structure predetermines a set of assumptions in the analysis of markets. Market models used in policymaking should therefore reflect the actual level of competition in the industries. This characteristic becomes more important in the context of less developed economies, where perfectly competitive markets are more the exception than the rule. This paper examines the nature and the determinants of the market structure, as measured by concentration, in the Philippine manufacturing sector. It tries to verify the extent to which technological barriers to entry and foreign trade induce higher levels of concentration. It then extends the analysis to focus on the effects of concentration on the wage level in manufacturing industries. Cross-section data are used to test the hypothesis that higher concentration increases profit and thus leads to higher wages. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics Pages: 191-217 Volume: 28 Issue: 2 Year: 1991 Month: December File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/259/447 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:28:y:1991:i:2:p:191-217