Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Amir Mahmood Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, University of Newcastle, NSW Australia Title: Physical Infrastructure and International Competitiveness at the Firm Level : Implications for Developing Economies Abstract: Among other factors, international competitiveness at the firm level depends on the provisions of well-maintained and efficient physical infrastructure networks. Infrastructure networks, such as telecommunications, electricity, gas, irrigation, and transport services, play a strong complementary role in firms’ ability to create and maintain their competitiveness through creating more value than their competitors. In developing countries, the issues relating to inefficiencies in the provision of infrastructure services are closely linked with firms’ ability to acquire international competitiveness. In many instances, efficiency, as well as adequacy norms of infrastructure networks, can be achieved by changing the institutional setting and creating a competitive environment in the provision of infrastructure services. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics and Business Pages: 1-13 Volume: 36 Issue: 1 Year: 1999 Month: June File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/101/523 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:1-13 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Raul V. Fabella Author-Email: rvfabella@upd.edu.ph Author-Workplace-Name: University of the Philippines School of Economics Title: Continuity in Transformation Invariant Social Orderings: Two Impossibilities Abstract: We show that (1) a social ordering on R >= 0 that satisfies Strong Paretoness, Invariance with respect to a Positive Proportional Transformation and Lower Semi-Continuity does not exist and (2) that a social ordering on R > 0 that satisfies Weak Paretoness, Invariance with respect to an Affine Transformation and Lower Semi-Continuity is trivial. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics Pages: 14-21 Volume: 36 Issue: 1 Year: 1999 Month: June File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/61/521 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:14-21 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carlos C. Bautista Author-Workplace-Name: College of Business Administration, University of the Philippines Diliman Title: Test of the C-CAPM for the Philippines : 1981-1997 Abstract: This paper presents a test of multi-period asset pricing models using quarterly Philippine data. Using a consumption-based asset-pricing model, the study finds the rate of time preference to be 5.20 percent (on an annual basis). The estimated risk aversion coefficient of 0.043 seems to be on the low side when compared with estimates for other countries. Hansen’s J-test finds favorable evidence for the C-CAPM as the overidentifying restrictions are not rejected. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics and Business Pages: 22-32 Volume: 36 Issue: 1 Year: 1999 Month: June File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/63/522 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:22-32 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emmanuel S. de Dios Author-Email: ededios@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of the Philippines School of Economics Title: Economic Ideas During the Malolos Congress Abstract: While much has been written about the political ideas of the revolution, little if anything has been written about its economic ideas. This paper is an attempt to provide an intellectual background to the economic policies and directives emanating from the Malolos Republic. It traces the source of the revolution’s economics to cameralist ideas, a handed down by liberal Spanish thinkers and practical policy reformers. It documents these influences in the revolution’s policies towards public finance in general, personal taxation, trade, and the important agrarian question. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics and Business Pages: 33-57 Volume: 36 Issue: 1 Year: 1999 Month: June File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/64/524 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:33-57 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yoshiko Nagano Author-Email: ynagano@ma.kcom.me.jp Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Foreign Studies, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Japan Title: Philippine "Colonial Banking” During the American Period Abstract: This paper attempts to show the general features of the banking sector in the Philippines during the American colonial period. It discusses how foreign and local banking institutions operated in the Philippines during that period, specifically how they related to the various production sectors of the economy. The paper shows that, unlike other colonies in Asia, colonizers’ particularly American, interest in the banking sector of the Philippines was minor. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics and Business Pages: 58-81 Volume: 36 Issue: 1 Year: 1999 Month: June File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/65/527 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:58-81 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nitai C. Nag Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh Title: Tax Revenue Implications of Devaluations : A Case Study of Bangladesh Abstract: A small macroeconomics model is used to estimate empirically the real tax revenue implications of devaluation. Overall effect of devaluation on tax revenue id found to be negative, which contrasts with the theoretical presumption that devaluation improves the government revenue position. According to our estimation a 10 percent devaluation lowers equilibrium output by 1.04 percent and overall tax revenue by 4.2 percent. Import is dependent on output in the model. Contractionary output effect, it seems, lowers tax revenue via, among others, its negative effect on import demand, which in turn traditionally generates a very significant part of total tax revenue. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics and Business Pages: 82-98 Volume: 36 Issue: 1 Year: 1999 Month: June File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/66/525 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:82-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ma. Lourdes Aranal-Sereno Author-Email: iils@pacific.net.ph Author-Workplace-Name: University of the Philippines College of Law Title: Perspectives : WTO Agreement on Agriculture Abstract: This paper seeks to define the legal rights and obligations of WTO and AFTA Members and analyze the same according to their impact on international trade policy for the Philippine agricultural sector. It starts with the discussion of the enforceability of international treaty obligations in Philippine law. It then discusses the treaty structure of the Philippines in the area of international trade. A discussion of the basic obligations under the WTO umbrella of agreements follows. After this introductory discussion, the most important legal obligations as they relate to agriculture are identified as they appear in the following: the GATT 1994, the Agreement on Agriculture, the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, the Agreement on Safeguards, the Anti-Dumping Agreement and the Countervailing Duties and Subsidies Agreement. Following this, the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement as it impacts on agricultural exports and imports within the ASEAN is discussed. Recommendations cap the paper. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics and Business Pages: 99-126 Volume: 36 Issue: 1 Year: 1999 Month: June File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/67/528 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:99-126 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ramon L. Clarete Author-Email: rlclarete@upd.edu.ph Author-Workplace-Name: University of the Philippines School of Economics Title: Trade-Related Problems and Policy Issues in Philippine Agriculture Journal: Philippine Review of Economics and Business Pages: 127-158 Volume: 36 Issue: 1 Year: 1999 Month: June File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/68/529 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:127-158 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gerardo P. Sicat Author-Email: gsicat@skybroadband.com.ph Author-Workplace-Name: University of the Philippines School of Economics Title: Economic Cooperation in ASEAN Accelerates : Appreciating Professor Widjojo Abstract: This article is a homage to Professor Widjojo, who celebrated his 70th birthday anniversary in 1997. The article recounts his important role in ASEAN in Economic Cooperation, during the critical formative years when the machinery for cooperation was still weak and undefined. The ASEAN Economic cooperation began to celebrate after the Bali Summit of ASEAN leaders in 1976. The author brings in the perspective of the Philippine participation in this historic meeting, taking into account the author’s first hand experience as leader of the Philippine ministerial delegation from 1975 to 1981. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics and Business Pages: 159-171 Volume: 36 Issue: 1 Year: 1999 Month: June File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/68/529 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:159-171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Hooley Author-Workplace-Name: University of Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, USA Title: In Memoriam - Jose Encarnacion, Jr. Journal: Philippine Review of Economics and Business Pages: 172-175 Volume: 36 Issue: 1 Year: 1999 Month: June File-URL: http://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/70/519 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:36:y:1999:i:1:p:172-175